Which plant organ is primarily responsible for anchoring the plant in the soil and absorbing water and minerals?

• A. Leaves
• B. Roots
• C. Stems
• D. Flowers

Answer: (B)

Roots are the plant organ that anchors the plant in the soil and takes up water and minerals from it. The extensive network of roots, including root hairs that greatly increase surface area, grips the soil and stabilizes the plant while absorbing essential nutrients and water. Once inside, minerals move from the root cells into the vascular system (xylem) to be transported upward to all parts of the plant. Leaves mainly handle photosynthesis and gas exchange; stems provide support and a pathway for transport; flowers are for reproduction. So, the root system fulfills both anchoring and absorption functions.