Which of the following is NOT a component of IPM?

• A. Control measures
• B. Chemical-only approach
• C. Knowledge
• D. Decision-making aids

Answer: (B)

IPM is about using information, monitoring, and a mix of control tactics rather than relying on pesticides alone. It emphasizes understanding pest biology and ecology, regularly scouting to know pest levels, and using decision-making tools like economic thresholds to decide when action is warranted. Control measures in IPM include cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical options, selected and combined to manage pests effectively while minimizing risks to people and the environment.

A chemical-only approach doesn’t fit IPM because it skips the essential steps of knowledge, monitoring, and using a range of tactics. It treats pesticides as the sole solution rather than one tool within a broader, integrated plan. The other components—control measures, knowledge, and decision-making aids—are all integral parts of IPM.